Scrutatio

Lunedi, 13 maggio 2024 - Beata Vergine Maria di Fatima ( Letture di oggi)

M'lakhim (מלכים) - 2 Re 17


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STUTTGARTENSIA-DELITZSCHNEW JERUSALEM
1 בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה לְאָחָז מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה מָלַךְ הֹושֵׁעַ בֶּן־אֵלָה בְשֹׁמְרֹון עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל תֵּשַׁע שָׁנִים1 In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah, Hoshea son of Elah became king of Israel in Samaria, andreigned for nine years.
2 וַיַּעַשׂ הָרַע בְּעֵינֵי יְהוָה רַק לֹא כְּמַלְכֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר הָיוּ לְפָנָיו2 He did what is displeasing to Yahweh, though not like the preceding kings of Israel.
3 עָלָיו עָלָה שַׁלְמַנְאֶסֶר מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר וַיְהִי־לֹו הֹושֵׁעַ עֶבֶד וַיָּשֶׁב לֹו מִנְחָה3 Shalmaneser king of Assyria made war on Hoshea who submitted to him and paid him tribute.
4 וַיִּמְצָא מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר בְּהֹושֵׁעַ קֶשֶׁר אֲשֶׁר שָׁלַח מַלְאָכִים אֶל־סֹוא מֶלֶךְ־מִצְרַיִם וְלֹא־הֶעֱלָה מִנְחָה לְמֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר כְּשָׁנָה בְשָׁנָה וַיַּעַצְרֵהוּ מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר וַיַּאַסְרֵהוּ בֵּית כֶּלֶא4 But the king of Assyria discovered that Hoshea was playing a double game with him; he had sentmessengers to Sais, to the king of Egypt, and had not, as in previous years, handed over the tribute to the kingof Assyria. For this the king of Assyria imprisoned him in chains.
5 וַיַּעַל מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר בְּכָל־הָאָרֶץ וַיַּעַל שֹׁמְרֹון וַיָּצַר עָלֶיהָ שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים5 The king of Assyria invaded the whole country and, coming to Samaria, laid siege to it for three years.
6 בִּשְׁנַת הַתְּשִׁיעִית לְהֹושֵׁעַ לָכַד מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר אֶת־שֹׁמְרֹון וַיֶּגֶל אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל אַשּׁוּרָה וַיֹּשֶׁב אֹתָם בַּחְלַח וּבְחָבֹור נְהַר גֹּוזָן וְעָרֵי מָדָי׃ פ6 In the ninth year of Hoshea the king of Assyria captured Samaria and deported the Israelites toAssyria. He settled them in Halah on the Habor, a river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes.
7 וַיְהִי כִּי־חָטְאוּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל לַיהוָה אֱלֹהֵיהֶם הַמַּעֲלֶה אֹתָם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם מִתַּחַת יַד פַּרְעֹה מֶלֶךְ־מִצְרָיִם וַיִּירְאוּ אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים7 This happened because the Israelites had sinned against Yahweh their God who had brought them outof Egypt, out of the grip of Pharaoh king of Egypt. They worshipped other gods,
8 וַיֵּלְכוּ בְּחֻקֹּות הַגֹּויִם אֲשֶׁר הֹורִישׁ יְהוָה מִפְּנֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמַלְכֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ8 they fol owed the practices of the nations which Yahweh had dispossessed for them.
9 וַיְחַפְּאוּ בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל דְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר לֹא־כֵן עַל־יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיהֶם וַיִּבְנוּ לָהֶם בָּמֹות בְּכָל־עָרֵיהֶם מִמִּגְדַּל נֹוצְרִים עַד־עִיר מִבְצָר9 The Israelites spoke slightingly of Yahweh their God. They built themselves high places wherever theylived, from watchtower to fortified town.
10 וַיַּצִּבוּ לָהֶם מַצֵּבֹות וַאֲשֵׁרִים עַל כָּל־גִּבְעָה גְבֹהָה וְתַחַת כָּל־עֵץ רַעֲנָן10 They set up pil ars and sacred poles for themselves on every high hil and under every luxuriant tree.
11 וַיְקַטְּרוּ־שָׁם בְּכָל־בָּמֹות כַּגֹּויִם אֲשֶׁר־הֶגְלָה יְהוָה מִפְּנֵיהֶם וַיַּעֲשׂוּ דְּבָרִים רָעִים לְהַכְעִיס אֶת־יְהוָה11 They sacrificed on al the high places like the nations which Yahweh had expelled for them, and didwicked things there, provoking Yahweh's anger.
12 וַיַּעַבְדוּ הַגִּלֻּלִים אֲשֶׁר אָמַר יְהוָה לָהֶם לֹא תַעֲשׂוּ אֶת־הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה12 They served idols, although Yahweh had told them, 'This you must not do.'
13 וַיָּעַד יְהוָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וּבִיהוּדָה בְּיַד כָּל־ [נְבִיאֹו כ] (נְבִיאֵי ק) כָל־חֹזֶה לֵאמֹר בוּ מִדַּרְכֵיכֶם הָרָעִים וְשִׁמְרוּ מִצְוֹתַי חֻקֹּותַי כְּכָל־הַתֹּורָה אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִי אֶת־אֲבֹתֵיכֶם וַאֲשֶׁר שָׁלַחְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶם בְּיַד עֲבָדַי הַנְּבִיאִים13 And yet through al the prophets and the seers, Yahweh had given Israel and Judah this warning,'Turn from your wicked ways and keep my commandments and my laws in accordance with the entire Law whichI laid down for your fathers and delivered to them through my servants the prophets.'
14 וְלֹא שָׁמֵעוּ וַיַּקְשׁוּ אֶת־עָרְפָּם כְּעֹרֶף אֲבֹותָם אֲשֶׁר לֹא הֶאֱמִינוּ בַּיהוָה אֱלֹהֵיהֶם14 But they would not listen, they were as stubborn as their ancestors, who had no faith in Yahweh theirGod.
15 וַיִּמְאֲסוּ אֶת־חֻקָּיו וְאֶת־בְּרִיתֹו אֲשֶׁר כָּרַת אֶת־אֲבֹותָם וְאֵת עֵדְוֹתָיו אֲשֶׁר הֵעִיד בָּם וַיֵּלְכוּ אַחֲרֵי הַהֶבֶל וַיֶּהְבָּלוּ וְאַחֲרֵי הַגֹּויִם אֲשֶׁר סְבִיבֹתָם אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֹתָם לְבִלְתִּי עֲשֹׂות כָּהֶם15 They despised his laws and the covenant which he had made with their ancestors and the warningswhich he had given them. Pursuing futility, they themselves became futile through copying the nations roundthem, although Yahweh had ordered them not to act as they did.
16 וַיַּעַזְבוּ אֶת־כָּל־מִצְוֹת יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיהֶם וַיַּעֲשׂוּ לָהֶם מַסֵּכָה [שְׁנֵים כ] (שְׁנֵי ק) עֲגָלִים וַיַּעֲשׂוּ אֲשֵׁירָה וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲווּ לְכָל־צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם וַיַּעַבְדוּ אֶת־הַבָּעַל16 They rejected al the commandments of Yahweh their God and cast themselves metal idols, twocalves; they made themselves sacred poles, they worshipped the whole array of heaven, and they served Baal.
17 וַיַּעֲבִירוּ אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם וְאֶת־בְּנֹותֵיהֶם בָּאֵשׁ וַיִּקְסְמוּ קְסָמִים וַיְנַחֵשׁוּ וַיִּתְמַכְּרוּ לַעֲשֹׂות הָרַע בְּעֵינֵי יְהוָה לְהַכְעִיסֹו17 They caused their sons and daughters to pass through the fire of sacrifice, also they practiseddivination and sorcery, they sold themselves to doing what displeases Yahweh, provoking his anger.
18 וַיִּתְאַנַּף יְהוָה מְאֹד בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וַיְסִרֵם מֵעַל פָּנָיו לֹא נִשְׁאַר רַק שֵׁבֶט יְהוּדָה לְבַדֹּו18 Because of which, Yahweh became enraged with Israel and thrust them away from him. The tribe ofJudah was the only one left.
19 גַּם־יְהוּדָה לֹא שָׁמַר אֶת־מִצְוֹת יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיהֶם וַיֵּלְכוּ בְּחֻקֹּות יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ19 Judah did not keep the commandments of Yahweh their God either but copied the practices whichIsrael had introduced.
20 וַיִּמְאַס יְהוָה בְּכָל־זֶרַע יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיְעַנֵּם וַיִּתְּנֵם בְּיַד־שֹׁסִים עַד אֲשֶׁר הִשְׁלִיכָם מִפָּנָיו20 Yahweh rejected the whole race of Israel; he brought them low, delivering them into the hands ofmarauders, until at length he thrust them away from him.
21 כִּי־קָרַע יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵעַל בֵּית דָּוִד וַיַּמְלִיכוּ אֶת־יָרָבְעָם בֶּן־נְבָט [וַיַּדֵּא כ] (וַיַּדַּח ק) יָרָבְעָם אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאַחֲרֵי יְהוָה וְהֶחֱטֵיאָם חֲטָאָה גְדֹולָה21 And indeed he had torn Israel away from the House of David, and they had made Jeroboam son ofNebat king; Jeroboam had drawn Israel away from Yahweh and led them into a great sin.
22 וַיֵּלְכוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּכָל־חַטֹּאות יָרָבְעָם אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה לֹא־סָרוּ מִמֶּנָּה22 The Israelites copied the sin which Jeroboam had committed; they did not give it up,
23 עַד אֲשֶׁר־הֵסִיר יְהוָה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵעַל פָּנָיו כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר בְּיַד כָּל־עֲבָדָיו הַנְּבִיאִים וַיִּגֶל יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵעַל אַדְמָתֹו אַשּׁוּרָה עַד הַיֹּום הַזֶּה׃ פ23 until at length Yahweh thrust Israel away from him, as he had foretold through all his servants theprophets; he deported the Israelites from their own country to Assyria, where they have been ever since.
24 וַיָּבֵא מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר מִבָּבֶל וּמִכּוּתָה וּמֵעַוָּא וּמֵחֲמָת וּסְפַרְוַיִם וַיֹּשֶׁב בְּעָרֵי שֹׁמְרֹון תַּחַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיִּרְשׁוּ אֶת־שֹׁמְרֹון וַיֵּשְׁבוּ בְּעָרֶיהָ24 The king of Assyria brought people from Babylon, Cuthah, Avva, Hamath and Sepharvaim, andsettled them in the towns of Samaria to replace the Israelites; these took possession of Samaria and lived in itstowns.
25 וַיְהִי בִּתְחִלַּת שִׁבְתָּם שָׁם לֹא יָרְאוּ אֶת־יְהוָה וַיְשַׁלַּח יְהוָה בָּהֶם אֶת־הָאֲרָיֹות וַיִּהְיוּ הֹרְגִים בָּהֶם25 When they first came to live there, they did not worship Yahweh; hence, Yahweh set lions on them,which kil ed a number of them.
26 וַיֹּאמְרוּ לְמֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר לֵאמֹר הַגֹּויִם אֲשֶׁר הִגְלִיתָ וַתֹּושֶׁב בְּעָרֵי שֹׁמְרֹון לֹא יָדְעוּ אֶת־מִשְׁפַּט אֱלֹהֵי הָאָרֶץ וַיְשַׁלַּח־בָּם אֶת־הָאֲרָיֹות וְהִנָּם מְמִיתִים אֹותָם כַּאֲשֶׁר אֵינָם יֹדְעִים אֶת־מִשְׁפַּט אֱלֹהֵי הָאָרֶץ26 Consequently, the king of Assyria was informed as follows, 'The nations whom you deported andsettled in the towns of Samaria do not know how to worship the local god, and he has set lions on them; andnow these are kil ing them because they do not know how to worship the local god.'
27 וַיְצַו מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר לֵאמֹר הֹלִיכוּ שָׁמָּה אֶחָד מֵהַכֹּהֲנִים אֲשֶׁר הִגְלִיתֶם מִשָּׁם וְיֵלְכוּ וְיֵשְׁבוּ שָׁם וְיֹרֵם אֶת־מִשְׁפַּט אֱלֹהֵי הָאָרֶץ27 So the king of Assyria gave this order, 'Send back one of the priests whom I deported from there; lethim go and live there and teach them how to worship the local god.'
28 וַיָּבֹא אֶחָד מֵהַכֹּהֲנִים אֲשֶׁר הִגְלוּ מִשֹּׁמְרֹון וַיֵּשֶׁב בְּבֵית־אֵל וַיְהִי מֹורֶה אֹתָם אֵיךְ יִירְאוּ אֶת־יְהוָה28 Accordingly, one of the priests who had been deported from Samaria came to live in Bethel; he taughtthem how to worship Yahweh.
29 וַיִּהְיוּ עֹשִׂים גֹּוי גֹּוי אֱלֹהָיו וַיַּנִּיחוּ ׀ בְּבֵית הַבָּמֹות אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ הַשֹּׁמְרֹנִים גֹּוי גֹּוי בְּעָרֵיהֶם אֲשֶׁר הֵם יֹשְׁבִים שָׁם29 Each nationality made gods of its own and put them in the shrines on the high places built by theSamaritans; each nationality did this in the towns where it lived.
30 וְאַנְשֵׁי בָבֶל עָשׂוּ אֶת־סֻכֹּות בְּנֹות וְאַנְשֵׁי־כוּת עָשׂוּ אֶת־נֵרְגַל וְאַנְשֵׁי חֲמָת עָשׂוּ אֶת־אֲשִׁימָא30 The people from Babylon had made a Succoth-Benoth, the people from Cuthah a Nergal, the peoplefrom Hamath an Ashima,
31 וְהָעַוִּים עָשׂוּ נִבְחַז וְאֶת־תַּרְתָּק וְהַסְפַרְוִים שֹׂרְפִים אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם בָּאֵשׁ לְאַדְרַמֶּלֶךְ וַעֲנַמֶּלֶךְ [אֱלֹהַּ כ] (אֱלֹהֵי ק) [סְפַרִים כ] (סְפַרְוָיִם׃ ק)31 the Avvites a Nibhaz and a Tartak; while the Sepharvites caused their children to pass through the fireof sacrifice to Adrammelech and Anammelech, gods of Sepharvaim.
32 וַיִּהְיוּ יְרֵאִים אֶת־יְהוָה וַיַּעֲשׂוּ לָהֶם מִקְצֹותָם כֹּהֲנֵי בָמֹות וַיִּהְיוּ עֹשִׂים לָהֶם בְּבֵית הַבָּמֹות32 They worshipped Yahweh as well, and they appointed priests out of their own number for the highplaces, and these officiated in the shrines on the high places.
33 אֶת־יְהוָה הָיוּ יְרֵאִים וְאֶת־אֱלֹהֵיהֶם הָיוּ עֹבְדִים כְּמִשְׁפַּט הַגֹּויִם אֲשֶׁר־הִגְלוּ אֹתָם מִשָּׁם33 They worshipped Yahweh and served their own gods at the same time, with the rites of the countriesfrom which they had been deported.
34 עַד הַיֹּום הַזֶּה הֵם עֹשִׂים כַּמִּשְׁפָּטִים הָרִאשֹׁנִים אֵינָם יְרֵאִים אֶת־יְהוָה וְאֵינָם עֹשִׂים כְּחֻקֹּתָם וּכְמִשְׁפָּטָם וְכַתֹּורָה וְכַמִּצְוָה אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת־בְּנֵי יַעֲקֹב אֲשֶׁר־שָׂם שְׁמֹו יִשְׂרָאֵל34 They stil fol ow their old rites even now. They did not worship Yahweh and did not conform to hisstatutes or ritual, or the law or the commandments, which Yahweh had laid down for the sons of Jacob to whomhe gave the name Israel.
35 וַיִּכְרֹת יְהוָה אִתָּם בְּרִית וַיְצַוֵּם לֵאמֹר לֹא תִירְאוּ אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים וְלֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲווּ לָהֶם וְלֹא תַעַבְדוּם וְלֹא תִזְבְּחוּ לָהֶם35 Yahweh had made a covenant with them and had given them this command, 'You are not to worshipalien gods, you are not to bow down to them or serve them or offer them sacrifices.
36 כִּי אִם־אֶת־יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר הֶעֱלָה אֶתְכֶם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם בְּכֹחַ גָּדֹול וּבִזְרֹועַ נְטוּיָה אֹתֹו תִירָאוּ וְלֹו תִשְׁתַּחֲווּ וְלֹו תִזְבָּחוּ36 You are to bow down and offer sacrifice only to Yahweh who brought you out of Egypt with greatpower and outstretched arm.
37 וְאֶת־הַחֻקִּים וְאֶת־הַמִּשְׁפָּטִים וְהַתֹּורָה וְהַמִּצְוָה אֲשֶׁר כָּתַב לָכֶם תִּשְׁמְרוּן לַעֲשֹׂות כָּל־הַיָּמִים וְלֹא תִירְאוּ אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים37 You are to observe the statutes and ritual, the law and the commandments which he has given you inwriting and to which you are always to conform; you are not to worship alien gods.
38 וְהַבְּרִית אֲשֶׁר־כָּרַתִּי אִתְּכֶם לֹא תִשְׁכָּחוּ וְלֹא תִירְאוּ אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים38 Do not forget the covenant which I have made with you, and do not venerate alien gods.
39 כִּי אִם־אֶת־יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶם תִּירָאוּ וְהוּא יַצִּיל אֶתְכֶם מִיַּד כָּל־אֹיְבֵיכֶם39 But venerate Yahweh your God, and he wil deliver you from the clutches of all your enemies.'
40 וְלֹא שָׁמֵעוּ כִּי אִם־כְּמִשְׁפָּטָם הָרִאשֹׁון הֵם עֹשִׂים40 But they would not listen and stil followed their old rites.
41 וַיִּהְיוּ ׀ הַגֹּויִם הָאֵלֶּה יְרֵאִים אֶת־יְהוָה וְאֶת־פְּסִילֵיהֶם הָיוּ עֹבְדִים גַּם־בְּנֵיהֶם ׀ וּבְנֵי בְנֵיהֶם כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ אֲבֹתָם הֵם עֹשִׂים עַד הַיֹּום הַזֶּה׃ פ41 These nationalities, then, worshipped Yahweh and served their idols as well, as did their children; andtheir children's children still behave today as their ancestors behaved in the past.