Scrutatio

Mercoledi, 15 maggio 2024 - Sant'Isidoro agricoltore ( Letture di oggi)

Vaikrà (ויקרא) - Levitico 16


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STUTTGARTENSIA-DELITZSCHNEW JERUSALEM
1 וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה אַחֲרֵי מֹות שְׁנֵי בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן בְּקָרְבָתָם לִפְנֵי־יְהוָה וַיָּמֻתוּ1 Yahweh spoke to Moses after the death of the two sons of Aaron who died when offering unauthorisedfire.
2 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה דַּבֵּר אֶל־אַהֲרֹן אָחִיךָ וְאַל־יָבֹא בְכָל־עֵת אֶל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת אֶל־פְּנֵי הַכַּפֹּרֶת אֲשֶׁר עַל־הָאָרֹן וְלֹא יָמוּת כִּי בֶּעָנָן אֵרָאֶה עַל־הַכַּפֹּרֶת2 Yahweh spoke to Moses and said: 'Tel Aaron your brother that he may not enter the sanctuary insidethe curtain in front of the mercy-seat on the ark whenever he chooses, in case he incurs death, for I appear in acloud on the mercy-seat.
3 בְּזֹאת יָבֹא אַהֲרֹן אֶל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ בְּפַר בֶּן־בָּקָר לְחַטָּאת וְאַיִל לְעֹלָה3 'This is how he must enter the sanctuary: with a young bul for a sacrifice for sin and a ram for a burntoffering.
4 כְּתֹנֶת־בַּד קֹדֶשׁ יִלְבָּשׁ וּמִכְנְסֵי־בַד יִהְיוּ עַל־בְּשָׂרֹו וּבְאַבְנֵט בַּד יַחְגֹּר וּבְמִצְנֶפֶת בַּד יִצְנֹף בִּגְדֵי־קֹדֶשׁ הֵם וְרָחַץ בַּמַּיִם אֶת־בְּשָׂרֹו וּלְבֵשָׁם4 He will put on a tunic of consecrated linen, wear linen drawers on his body, a linen waistband round hiswaist, and a linen turban on his head. These are the sacred vestments he wil put on after washing himself.
5 וּמֵאֵת עֲדַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יִקַּח שְׁנֵי־שְׂעִירֵי עִזִּים לְחַטָּאת וְאַיִל אֶחָד לְעֹלָה5 'From the community of Israelites he wil receive two he-goats for a sacrifice for sin and a ram for aburnt offering.
6 וְהִקְרִיב אַהֲרֹן אֶת־פַּר הַחַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר־לֹו וְכִפֶּר בַּעֲדֹו וּבְעַד בֵּיתֹו6 After offering the bul as a sacrifice for his own sin and performing the rite of expiation for himself andhis family,
7 וְלָקַח אֶת־שְׁנֵי הַשְּׂעִירִם וְהֶעֱמִיד אֹתָם לִפְנֵי יְהוָה פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מֹועֵד7 he wil take the two he-goats and place them before Yahweh at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
8 וְנָתַן אַהֲרֹן עַל־שְׁנֵי הַשְּׂעִירִם גֹּורָלֹות גֹּורָל אֶחָד לַיהוָה וְגֹורָל אֶחָד לַעֲזָאזֵל8 Aaron wil then draw lots over the two goats, one lot to be for Yahweh and the other lot for Azazel.
9 וְהִקְרִיב אַהֲרֹן אֶת־הַשָּׂעִיר אֲשֶׁר עָלָה עָלָיו הַגֹּורָל לַיהוָה וְעָשָׂהוּ חַטָּאת9 Aaron wil then take the goat on which the lot "For Yahweh" has fal en, and offer it as a sacrifice for sin.
10 וְהַשָּׂעִיר אֲשֶׁר עָלָה עָלָיו הַגֹּורָל לַעֲזָאזֵל יָעֳמַד־חַי לִפְנֵי יְהוָה לְכַפֵּר עָלָיו לְשַׁלַּח אֹתֹו לַעֲזָאזֵל הַמִּדְבָּרָה10 But the goat on which the lot "For Azazel" has fal en, will be placed alive before Yahweh, for the riteof expiation to be performed with it, and for it then to be sent to Azazel in the desert.
11 וְהִקְרִיב אַהֲרֹן אֶת־פַּר הַחַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר־לֹו וְכִפֶּר בַּעֲדֹו וּבְעַד בֵּיתֹו וְשָׁחַט אֶת־פַּר הַחַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר־לֹו11 'Having offered the bul as a sacrifice for his own sin and performed the rite of expiation for himselfand for his family, and slaughtered the bul as a sacrifice for sin,
12 וְלָקַח מְלֹא־הַמַּחְתָּה גַּחֲלֵי־אֵשׁ מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ מִלִּפְנֵי יְהוָה וּמְלֹא חָפְנָיו קְטֹרֶת סַמִּים דַּקָּה וְהֵבִיא מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת12 Aaron wil then fill a censer with live coals from the altar before Yahweh, take two handfuls of finelyground aromatic incense and bring this inside the curtain.
13 וְנָתַן אֶת־הַקְּטֹרֶת עַל־הָאֵשׁ לִפְנֵי יְהוָה וְכִסָּה ׀ עֲנַן הַקְּטֹרֶת אֶת־הַכַּפֹּרֶת אֲשֶׁר עַל־הָעֵדוּת וְלֹא יָמוּת13 He wil then put the incense on the fire before Yahweh, so that the cloud of incense hides the mercy-seat which is on the Testimony and he does not incur death.
14 וְלָקַח מִדַּם הַפָּר וְהִזָּה בְאֶצְבָּעֹו עַל־פְּנֵי הַכַּפֹּרֶת קֵדְמָה וְלִפְנֵי הַכַּפֹּרֶת יַזֶּה שֶׁבַע־פְּעָמִים מִן־הַדָּם בְּאֶצְבָּעֹו14 He wil then take some of the bul 's blood and sprinkle it with his finger on the eastern side of themercy-seat. He will sprinkle some of the blood seven times with his finger in front of the mercy-seat.
15 וְשָׁחַט אֶת־שְׂעִיר הַחַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר לָעָם וְהֵבִיא אֶת־דָּמֹו אֶל־מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת וְעָשָׂה אֶת־דָּמֹו כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה לְדַם הַפָּר וְהִזָּה אֹתֹו עַל־הַכַּפֹּרֶת וְלִפְנֵי הַכַּפֹּרֶת15 'He wil then slaughter the goat for the sacrifice for the sin of the people, and take its blood inside thecurtain, and with this blood do as he did with the blood of the bull, sprinkling it on the mercy-seat and in front ofit.
16 וְכִפֶּר עַל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִטֻּמְאֹת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמִפִּשְׁעֵיהֶם לְכָל־חַטֹּאתָם וְכֵן יַעֲשֶׂה לְאֹהֶל מֹועֵד הַשֹּׁכֵן אִתָּם בְּתֹוךְ טֻמְאֹתָם16 This is how he must perform the rite of expiation for the sanctuary for the uncleanness of theIsraelites, for their acts of rebel ion and al their sins. 'And this is what he must do for the Tent of Meeting whichremains with them, surrounded by their uncleanness.
17 וְכָל־אָדָם לֹא־יִהְיֶה ׀ בְּאֹהֶל מֹועֵד בְּבֹאֹו לְכַפֵּר בַּקֹּדֶשׁ עַד־צֵאתֹו וְכִפֶּר בַּעֲדֹו וּבְעַד בֵּיתֹו וּבְעַד כָּל־קְהַל יִשְׂרָאֵל17 No one must be inside the Tent of Meeting, from the moment he enters to make expiation in thesanctuary until the time he comes out. 'When he has made expiation for himself, for his family, and for the wholecommunity of Israel,
18 וְיָצָא אֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ אֲשֶׁר לִפְנֵי־יְהוָה וְכִפֶּר עָלָיו וְלָקַח מִדַּם הַפָּר וּמִדַּם הַשָּׂעִיר וְנָתַן עַל־קַרְנֹות הַמִּזְבֵּחַ סָבִיב18 he must come outside, go to the altar before Yahweh and perform the rite of expiation for it. He willtake some of the bul 's blood and some of the goat's blood and put it on the horns at the corners of the altar alaround it,
19 וְהִזָּה עָלָיו מִן־הַדָּם בְּאֶצְבָּעֹו שֶׁבַע פְּעָמִים וְטִהֲרֹו וְקִדְּשֹׁו מִטֻּמְאֹת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל19 and sprinkle some of the blood on it seven times with his finger, thus purifying it and setting it apartfrom the uncleanness of the Israelites.
20 וְכִלָּה מִכַּפֵּר אֶת־הַקֹּדֶשׁ וְאֶת־אֹהֶל מֹועֵד וְאֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְהִקְרִיב אֶת־הַשָּׂעִיר הֶחָי20 'Once expiation for the sanctuary, the Tent of Meeting and the altar is complete, he will bring the goatwhich is stil alive.
21 וְסָמַךְ אַהֲרֹן אֶת־שְׁתֵּי [יָדֹו כ] (יָדָיו ק) עַל רֹאשׁ הַשָּׂעִיר הַחַי וְהִתְוַדָּה עָלָיו אֶת־כָּל־עֲוֹנֹת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאֶת־כָּל־פִּשְׁעֵיהֶם לְכָל־חַטֹּאתָם וְנָתַן אֹתָם עַל־רֹאשׁ הַשָּׂעִיר וְשִׁלַּח בְּיַד־אִישׁ עִתִּי הַמִּדְבָּרָה21 Aaron wil then lay both his hands on its head and over it confess al the guilt of the Israelites, al theiracts of rebel ion and all their sins. Having thus laid them on the goat's head, he will send it out into the desertunder the charge of a man waiting ready,
22 וְנָשָׂא הַשָּׂעִיר עָלָיו אֶת־כָּל־עֲוֹנֹתָם אֶל־אֶרֶץ גְּזֵרָה וְשִׁלַּח אֶת־הַשָּׂעִיר בַּמִּדְבָּר22 and the goat wil bear all their guilt away into some desolate place. 'When he has sent the goat intothe desert,
23 וּבָא אַהֲרֹן אֶל־אֹהֶל מֹועֵד וּפָשַׁט אֶת־בִּגְדֵי הַבָּד אֲשֶׁר לָבַשׁ בְּבֹאֹו אֶל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ וְהִנִּיחָם שָׁם23 Aaron wil go back into the Tent of Meeting and take off the linen vestments which he wore to enterthe sanctuary and leave them there.
24 וְרָחַץ אֶת־בְּשָׂרֹו בַמַּיִם בְּמָקֹום קָדֹושׁ וְלָבַשׁ אֶת־בְּגָדָיו וְיָצָא וְעָשָׂה אֶת־עֹלָתֹו וְאֶת־עֹלַת הָעָם וְכִפֶּר בַּעֲדֹו וּבְעַד הָעָם24 He wil then wash his body inside the holy place, put on his vestments and come outside to offer hisown and the people's burnt offering. He wil perform the rite of expiation for himself and for the people,
25 וְאֵת חֵלֶב הַחַטָּאת יַקְטִיר הַמִּזְבֵּחָה25 and burn the fat of the sacrifice for sin on the altar.
26 וְהַמְשַׁלֵּחַ אֶת־הַשָּׂעִיר לַעֲזָאזֵל יְכַבֵּס בְּגָדָיו וְרָחַץ אֶת־בְּשָׂרֹו בַּמָּיִם וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵן יָבֹוא אֶל־הַמַּחֲנֶה26 'The man who led the goat away to Azazel wil wash his clothes and body before entering the camp.
27 וְאֵת פַּר הַחַטָּאת וְאֵת ׀ שְׂעִיר הַחַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר הוּבָא אֶת־דָּמָם לְכַפֵּר בַּקֹּדֶשׁ יֹוצִיא אֶל־מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה וְשָׂרְפוּ בָאֵשׁ אֶת־עֹרֹתָם וְאֶת־בְּשָׂרָם וְאֶת־פִּרְשָׁם27 The bul and the goat offered as a sacrifice for sin, the blood of which was taken into the sanctuary forthe rite of expiation, must be taken outside the camp, where their skin, meat and offal are to be burnt.
28 וְהַשֹּׂרֵף אֹתָם יְכַבֵּס בְּגָדָיו וְרָחַץ אֶת־בְּשָׂרֹו בַּמָּיִם וְאַחֲרֵי־כֵן יָבֹוא אֶל־הַמַּחֲנֶה28 The man who burns them wil wash his clothes and body before entering the camp.
29 וְהָיְתָה לָכֶם לְחֻקַּת עֹולָם בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי בֶּעָשֹׂור לַחֹדֶשׁ תְּעַנּוּ אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם וְכָל־מְלָאכָה לֹא תַעֲשׂוּ הָאֶזְרָח וְהַגֵּר הַגָּר בְּתֹוכְכֶם29 'This wil be a perpetual law for you. 'On the tenth day of the seventh month you will fast and refrainfrom work, both citizen and resident alien;
30 כִּי־בַיֹּום הַזֶּה יְכַפֵּר עֲלֵיכֶם לְטַהֵר אֶתְכֶם מִכֹּל חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם לִפְנֵי יְהוָה תִּטְהָרוּ30 for this is the day on which the rite of expiation will be performed for you to purify you, to purify youbefore Yahweh from al your sins.
31 שַׁבַּת שַׁבָּתֹון הִיא לָכֶם וְעִנִּיתֶם אֶת־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם חֻקַּת עֹולָם31 It wil be a sabbatical rest for you and you wil fast. This is a perpetual law.
32 וְכִפֶּר הַכֹּהֵן אֲשֶׁר־יִמְשַׁח אֹתֹו וַאֲשֶׁר יְמַלֵּא אֶת־יָדֹו לְכַהֵן תַּחַת אָבִיו וְלָבַשׁ אֶת־בִּגְדֵי הַבָּד בִּגְדֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ32 'The rite of expiation wil be performed by the priest who has been anointed and instal ed to officiatein succession to his father. He wil put on the linen vestments, the sacred vestments,
33 וְכִפֶּר אֶת־מִקְדַּשׁ הַקֹּדֶשׁ וְאֶת־אֹהֶל מֹועֵד וְאֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ יְכַפֵּר וְעַל הַכֹּהֲנִים וְעַל־כָּל־עַם הַקָּהָל יְכַפֵּר33 and perform the rite of expiation for the holy sanctuary, the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and wilthen perform the rite of expiation for the priests and al the people of the community.
34 וְהָיְתָה־זֹּאת לָכֶם לְחֻקַּת עֹולָם לְכַפֵּר עַל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מִכָּל־חַטֹּאתָם אַחַת בַּשָּׁנָה וַיַּעַשׂ כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת־מֹשֶׁה׃ פ34 This wil be a perpetual law for you; once a year the rite of expiation wil be made for the Israelites foral their sins.' And as Yahweh ordered Moses, so it was done.